Multilevel Support
The following resources are available to supporting the multilevel learning community and its philosophical underpinnings.
Manitoba Education Publications
---. Grades 5 to 8 English Language Arts: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1998.
---. Grades 5 to 8 English Language Arts: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes and Grade 6 Standards. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Grades 5 to 8 Mathematics: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1997.
---. Grades 5 to 8 Mathematics: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes and Grade 6 Standards. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Grades 5 to 8 Science: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 2000.
---. Grades 5 to 8 Science: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 2000.
---. K–4 Mathematics: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes and Grade 3 Standards. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1995.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 English Language Arts: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 English Language Arts: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes and Grade 3 Standards. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 Mathematics: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 Mathematics: Classroom-Based Assessment. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 2000.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 Science: A Foundation for Implementation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1999.
---. Kindergarten to Grade 4 Science: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1999.
---. Resource-Based Learning: An Educational Model. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1994.
---. Success for All Learners: A Handbook on Differentiating Instruction: A Resource for Kindergarten to Senior 4 Schools. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. A Thinking Framework: Teaching Thinking across the Curriculum: A Resource for Schools, Kindergarten to Senior 4. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Training, 1996.
---. Independent Together: Supporting the Multilevel Learning Community. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education and Youth, 2003.
---. Reading and Writing in Action. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth, 2006.
Websites
Manitoba Education and Training. Curriculum: <www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/>
---. My Child in School: <www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/mychild/index.html>
---. School Support: <www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/specedu/index.html>
Multilevel Support Resources
Anderson, R.H., and B. Pavan. Nongradedness: Helping It Happen. Lancaster, PA: Technomic, 1993.
Armstrong, Thomas. The Multiple Intelligences of Reading and Writing: Making the Words Come Alive. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2003.
Arnold, Sue Beth, Barbara Kidwell, and David Rossman. "Multiage Assessment: One School's Plan." Primary Voices 6.2 (1998): 36–43.
Askew, Janice, et al. Effective Teachers of Numeracy: Final Report (Feb. 1997). London, UK: School of Education, King’s College, 1997.
Atwell, N. In the Middle. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1987.
Baker, T. "Strategic Planning: Recognizing Patterns for Reading Instruction." Primary Voices 10.4 (2002): 16–22.
Banks, Janet Claudil. Essential Learnings of Mathematics. Edmonds, WA: CATS Publications, 1996.
Barratta-Lorton, Mary. Mathematics Their Way. Don Mills, ON: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
Barratta-Lorton, Robert. Math: A Way of Thinking. Don Mills, ON: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
Bingham, Anne A., with Peggy Dorta, Molly McClaskey, and Justine O’Keefe. Exploring the Multiage Classroom. York, ME: Stenhouse Publishers, 1995.
Bodrova, E., and D. Leong. Tools of the Mind: The Vygotskian Approach to Early Childhood Education. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
Bouchard, D. The Gift of Reading. Victoria, BC: Orca Publishers, 2001.
Brownlie, Faye, and Susan Close. Beyond Chalk and Talk: Collaborative Strategies for the Middle and High School Years. Markham, ON: Pembroke, 1992.
Buehl, D. Classroom Strategies for Interactive Learning. 2nd ed. Newark, NY: International Reading Association, 2001.
Burns, Marilyn. About Teaching Mathematics: A K–8 Resource. 2nd ed. Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions, 2002.
---. Mathematics: Teaching for Understanding, Grades K–6: Parts 1–3. Three Videocassettes and Teacher Discussion Guide. White Plains, NY: Cuisenaire Company of America, 1992.
Burns, R.B., and D.A. Mason. "Class Formation and Composition in Elementary Schools." American Educational Research Journal 35.4 (1998): 739–772.
Cambourne, B. The Whole Story: Natural Learning and the Acquisition of Literacy in the Classroom. Auckland, NZ: Ashton Scholastic, 1988.
Campbell-Hill, Bonnie. Developmental Continuums: A Framework for Literacy Instruction and Assessment K–8. Norwood, MA: Christopher Gordon Publishers, 2001.
Chard, S.C. The Project Approach: Making Curriculum Come Alive. New York, NY: Scholastic, 1998.
---. The Project Approach: Managing Successful Projects. New York, NY: Scholastic, 1998.
Chard, S., and M. Flockhart. "Learning in the Park." Educational Leadership 60.3 (Nov. 2002): 53–56.
Cone, S.L., and T.P. Cone. "Language Arts and Physical Education: A Natural Connection." Teaching Elementary Physical Education (July 2001): 14–17.
Cone, T., P. Werner, S. Cone, and A. Woods. Interdisciplinary Teaching through Physical Education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1998.
Connell, D.R. "The First 30 Years Were the Fairest: Notes from the Kindergarten and Ungraded Primary (K–2)." Young Children 42.5 (1987): 30–68.
Costa E., and V. Timmons. "Innate Challenges and Promising Pedagogy: Training and Support in Multilevel Classrooms." Brock Education 12.1 (2002): 17–35.
Davenport, M. Ruth. "A Legacy of Learning and Love: A Multiage Classroom." Primary Voices 6.2 (1998): 19–35.
Davey, B. "Think Aloud—Modelling the Cognitive Processes of Reading Comprehension." Journal of Reading 27.1 (Oct. 1983): 44–47.
Davies, Anne. Making Classroom Assessment Work. Courtney, BC: Connections Publishing, 2000.
Davies, A., C. Cameron, C. Politano, and K. Gregory. Together Is Better: Collaborative Assessment, Evaluation, and Reporting. Winnipeg, MB: Portage and Main Press, 1992.
Fehring, Heather, ed. Literacy Assessment: A Collection of Articles from the Australian Literacy Educators' Association. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 2003.
Gardner, H. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1993.
---. Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1993.
Gaustad, J. "Implementing the Multiage Classroom." ERIC Digest 97 (1995): 1–4.
Gayfer, M. The Multi-Grade Classroom: Myth and Reality, A Canadian Study. Toronto, ON: Canadian Education Association, 1991.
Gere, A.R., ed. Roots in the Sawdust: Writing to Learning across the Disciplines. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 1985.
Goodlad, J., and R.H. Anderson. The Nongraded Elementary School. Rev. ed. New York, NY: Teachers College Press, 1987.
Goodman, Y. Valuing Language Study: Inquiry into Language for Elementary and Middle Schools. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 2003.
Goodman, Y.M. "Kidwatching: Observing Children in the Classroom." In Observing the Language Learner. Ed. A. Jaggar and M.T. Smith-Burke. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English and International Reading Association, 1985. 9–18.
Gregory, Kathleen, Caren Cameron, and Anne Davies. Self-Assessment and Goal Setting: For Use in Middle and Secondary School Classrooms. Merville, BC: Connections Publishing, 2000.
---. Setting and Using Criteria: For Use in Middle and Secondary School Classrooms. Merville, BC: Connections Publishing, 1997.
Harste, J.C. "Inquiry-Based Instruction." Primary Voices K–6, Premiere Issue 1.1 (1993): 2–5.
Harwayne, S. Writing through Childhood: Rethinking Process and Product. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2001.
Hill, S., and T. Hill. The Collaborative Classroom: A Guide to Cooperative Learning. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1990.
International Reading Association. Understanding Your Child's Learning Differences. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 2000.
Jacobs, H. Mapping the Big Picture: Integrating Curriculum and Assessment K–12. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997.
Jaeger, M., C. Lauritzen, and M.R. Davenport. "The Role of the Disciplines in Integrating Curriculum. Reading Teacher 50.1 (1996): 64–66.
Jensen, Eric. Arts with the Brain in Mind. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2001.
---. Teaching with the Brain in Mind. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1998.
Johnson, D.W., and R.T. Johnson. "Instructional Goal Structures: Cooperative, Competitive or Individualistic." Review of Educational Research 44 (1974): 217–219.
Kasten, W.C. "Why Does Multiage Make Sense? Compelling Arguments for Educational Change." Primary Voices 6.2 (1998): 2–9.
Kasten, Wendy C., and Elizabeth Monce Lolli. Implementing Multiage Education: A Practical Guide. Norwood, MA: Christopher-Gordon Publishers, 1998.
Katz, L.G., and S.C. Chard. Engaging Children’s Minds: The Project Approach. 2nd ed. Stanford, CT: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 2000.
Kohn, A. The Schools Our Children Deserve: Moving beyond Traditional Classrooms and "Tougher Standards." New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999.
Kroner, Lou. In the Balance: Algebra and Logic Puzzles, Grades 4–6. Mountainview, CA: Creative Publications, 1997.
Labinowicz, Ed. The Piaget Primer: Thinking, Learning, Teaching. Don Mills, ON: Addison-Wesley, 1980.
Lauritzen, C., and M. Jaeger. Integrating Learning through Theory: The Narrative Curriculum. Boston, MA: Dalmar Publishers, 1997.
Lazear, D. Eight Ways of Knowing: Teaching for Multiple Intelligences. Palatine, IL: Skylight, 1999.
Lolli, E.M. "Multiage Magic." Primary Voices 6.2 (1998): 10–18.
Marzano, R.J., D.J. Pickering, and J. McTighe. Assessing Student Outcomes. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1993.
Matchullis, Lynda, and Bette Mueller. "Strategies for Success: Effective Teaching for the Whole Class." Unpublished resource material, 1994.
Mathematical Sciences Education Board (MSEB), et al. Everybody Counts: A Report to the Nation on the Future of Mathematics Education. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1989.
McCann Miletta, Maureen. A Multiage Classroom: Choice and Possibility. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1996.
McLaughlin, M., and M. Allen. Guided Comprehension: A Teaching Model for Grades 3–8. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 2002.
McTighe, J., and F.T. Lyman. "Mind Tools for Matters of the Mind." In If Minds Matter: A Foreword to the Future. Vol. 2. Ed. A. Costa, J. Bellanca, and R. Fogarty. Palatine, IL: Skylight, 1992. 71–90.
Miller, B.A. "A Basic Understanding of Multiage Grouping." School Administrator 53.1 (1996): 12–17.
---. The Multigrade Classroom: A Resource Handbook for Small Schools. Portland, OR: Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 1999.
Morgan, N., and J. Saxton. Asking Better Questions: Models, Techniques and Classroom Activities for Engaging Students in Learning. Markham, ON: Pembroke Publishers, 1994.
Nelson, J., H.S. Glenn, and L. Lott. Positive Discipline in the Classroom. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing, 1997.
O’Connor, K. How to Grade for Learning: Linking Grades to Standards. 2nd ed. Arlington Heights, IL: Skylight, 2002.
Ogle, Donna. "K–W–L: A Teaching Model That Develops Active Reading of Expository Text." The Reading Teacher 39 (1986): 564–570.
Ostrow, J. A Room with a Different View: A Practical Framework for Learning in a Multi-Age Classroom. Markham, ON: Pembroke Publishers, 1995.
Pavan, B.N. "The Benefits of Nongraded Schools." Educational Leadership 50.2 (1992): 22–25.
Pearson, P. David, and Margaret C. Gallagher. "The Instruction of Reading Comprehension." Contemporary Educational Psychology 8 (1983): 317–344.
Politano, Colleen, and Joy Paquin. Brain-Based Learning with Class. Winnipeg, MB: Portage and Main Press, 2000.
Pratt, D. Curriculum Planning: A Handbook for Professionals. Orlando, FL: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1994.
---. "On the Merits of Multiage Classrooms." Research in Rural Education 3 (1986): 111–115.
Robb, L. Teaching Reading in Social Studies, Science, and Math: Practical Ways to Weave Comprehension Strategies into Your Content Area Teaching. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003.
Schön, D.A. The Reflective Practitioner. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1983.
Short, K.G., and C. Burke. Creating Curriculum: Teachers and Students as a Community of Learners. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1991.
Short, K., J. C. Harste, with C. Burke. Creating Classrooms for Authors and Inquirers. 2nd ed. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1996.
Smith, A., and A. Davies. Wordsmithing: A Spelling Program for Grades 3–8. Winnipeg, MB: Peguis Publishers, 1996.
Stiggins, R. Student-Involved Classroom Assessment. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2001.
Stiggins, Richard, and Tanis Knight. But Are They Learning? A Commonsense Parents’ Guide to Assessment and Grading in Schools. Portland, OR: Assessment Training Institute, 1998.
Sutton, Ruth. Assessment for Learning. Salford, UK: RS Publications, 1995.
---. The Learning School. Salford, UK: RS Publications, 1997.
Thomas, A., L. Fazio, and B. Stiefelmeyer. Families at School: A Handbook for Parents. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 1999.
Tomlinson, Carol Ann. How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms. 2nd ed. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2001.
Tomlinson, Carol Ann, and Caroline Cunningham Eidson. Differentiation in Practice: A Resource Guide for Differentiating Curriculum, Grades 5–9. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2003.
Van de Walle, John A. Elementary and Middle Years Mathematics: Teaching Developmentally. Don Mills, ON: Addison Wesley Longman, 2001.
Van Kraayenoord, Christina E. "Toward Self-Assessment of Literacy Learning." Literacy Assessment: A Collection of Articles from the Australian Literacy Educators' Association. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 2003.
Vygotsky, L.S. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1978.
Watson, D.J. "Welcome to Our Wonderful School: Creating a Community of Learners." In Making a Difference: Selected Writing of Dorothy Watson. Ed. S. Wilde. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1996. 268–295.
Whitin, P., and D.J. Whitin. Inquiry at the Window: Pursuing the Wonders of Learners. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1997.
