 
							Critical thinking in music consists of analyzing, synthesizing, interpreting, and evaluating the musical experience or work through observation, reflection, and reasoning in order to make informed judgments and choices to guide one’s decisions and actions.
 
							Creativity in music is the ability to generate, imagine, develop, and transform ideas in order to invent, innovate, find solutions, or create music.
 
							Citizenship in music is linked to the ability to engage with cultural, social, political, environmental, and economic issues through artistic practices to facilitate of a more humanitarian and sustainable world.
 
							Connection to self in music includes the development of one’s identity, physical and spiritual well-being, resilience, autonomy, confidence, and perseverance. Practising music helps learners transform and develop, and it increases their self-esteem, motivation, and sense of belonging.
 
							Collaboration in music is about learning from each other and working together toward a common goal to co-construct meaning using artistic language and processes related to music.
 
							Communication in music is based on interaction with others or with a piece of music, enabling one to express or interpret messages, ideas, or emotions, and to respond to them using artistic languages and processes.
Making in Music
The learner develops language and practices for making music through listening and using oral, written, and visual music systems, tools, techniques, and elements of music. Music embodies and communicates ideas, feelings, and meaning through cognitive, physical, affective, and intuitive modes. The development of language and practices for making music illuminates, deepens, and broadens human experience through interactions, relationships, and individual and collective contributions.
Connecting in Music
The learner develops understandings about the significance, influence, impact, and role of music by making connections to the contexts of various times, places, social groups, and cultures. Engaging with music practices, forms, styles, traditions, and artists enables learners to understand the world around them and the perspectives of others. “Connecting” in music invites the learner to question the past, to challenge the present, and to shape the future.
Creating in Music
The learner engages in the creative process by generating, developing, and communicating ideas in music creation. The creative process in music provides opportunities for the learner to imagine possibilities, communicate complex ideas and emotions in unique and powerful ways, express the intangible, and explore identities. Through the creative process, learners explore multiple and sometimes unexpected ways to solve problems and find solutions. The divergent, open-ended creative thinking needed for the creative process is essential for all learning in today’s world.
Responding in Music
The learner uses critical reflection to inform music learning by responding, observing, describing, analyzing, and interpreting music experiences. The process of critical reflection in music enables learners to recognize different perspectives, challenge and construct ideas, beliefs, and values, and apply new understandings to their learning. This process informs the learner’s identity and agency and is necessary for transformative learning.